25
May
2011
Case
CASE is used to provide if-then-else type of logic to SQL. Its syntax is:
SELECT CASE ("column_name") WHEN "condition1" THEN "result1" WHEN "condition2" THEN "result2" ... [ELSE "resultN"] END FROM "table_name"
“condition” can be a static value or an expression. The ELSE clause is optional.
In our Table Store_Information example,
Table Store_Information
store_name | Sales | Date |
Los Angeles | $1500 | Jan-05-1999 |
San Diego | $250 | Jan-07-1999 |
San Francisco | $300 | Jan-08-1999 |
Boston | $700 | Jan-08-1999 |
if we want to multiply the sales amount from ‘Los Angeles’ by 2 and the sales amount from ‘San Diego’ by 1.5, we key in,
SELECT store_name, CASE store_name WHEN 'Los Angeles' THEN Sales * 2 WHEN 'San Diego' THEN Sales * 1.5 ELSE Sales END "New Sales", Date FROM Store_Information
“New Sales” is the name given to the column with the CASE statement.
Result:
store_name | New Sales | Date |
Los Angeles | $3000 | Jan-05-1999 |
San Diego | $375 | Jan-07-1999 |
San Francisco | $300 | Jan-08-1999 |
Boston | $700 | Jan-08-1999 |
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